Type & Classification of Underground Cable
Underground cable transmits and distributes electric power underground in which the practice of overhead construction becomes impracticable to make use.
1. Number of conductors in the cable
– Single core cable
Usually used for higher voltage than 66 kV.
– Three core cable
The maximum voltage it can hold is only 66 kV.
2. Voltage rating of the cable
– Low tension cables: Hold until a maximum voltage handling capacity of 1000 V (1kV).
– High tension cables: Hold until a maximum voltage handling capacity of 11kV.
– Super tension cables: Hold until a maximum voltage handling capacity of 33 kV.
– Extra high tension cables: Hold until a maximum voltage handling capacity of 66 kV.
– Extra super voltage cables: Used for applications with voltage requirements above 132 kV.
3. Installation and Laying of The Cable
– Direct Buried: The conductors are buried underground in a trench without additional accessories. Cooling pipes are added, sometimes, if required.
Once the cables are installed, there’s no visible sign above the ground.
– Trough: Concrete troughs are dug and cables are installed in them. It’s visible on the surface and easy to maintain.
– Tunnels:
Tunnels are dug up for the purpose of if a river needs to be crossed or if the intended power distribution is to a major city.
Just like trough, maintenance is easier as well as for future expansion. However, it is costly.
– Gas Insulated Lines: A new technology, where it’s suitable for cables operating at higher voltages and currents, and handling power.
It’s mainly used for advanced projects.
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